Which substance is often associated with well water contamination in agricultural areas?

Nitrates are commonly associated with well water contamination in agricultural areas primarily due to the extensive use of nitrogen-based fertilizers in farming. These fertilizers can leach into the groundwater over time, particularly following rainfall or irrigation events, leading to elevated nitrate levels in well water. High nitrate concentrations pose significant health risks, especially for infants, as they can lead to methemoglobinemia, also known as "blue baby syndrome."

In many agricultural regions, the reliance on nitrogen fertilizers is widespread, and their propensity to move through soil and reach underground water sources makes them a major concern for water quality in wells. This understanding underscores the necessity for agricultural practices that mitigate nitrate runoff and protect water supplies in rural areas.