What role does hydrology play in wetland ecosystems?

Hydrology is a crucial component of wetland ecosystems, as it significantly influences both plant community composition and nutrient cycling. In wetlands, the availability and duration of water determine which plant species can thrive in these environments. Different plants have varying tolerance levels to saturated soils, and thus, the hydrological conditions will shape the overall vegetation structure and diversity found in wetlands.

Moreover, hydrology plays a vital role in nutrient cycling. The movement of water in and out of wetlands aids in the transport and transformation of nutrients. This can affect the availability of essential elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are vital for plant growth. Wetlands often act as natural filters, removing excess nutrients from runoff before they enter larger bodies of water. Thus, the hydrology of wetlands supports both their ecological integrity and the broader water quality in surrounding ecosystems.