How do microbial activities contribute to wetland health?

Microbial activities play a critical role in maintaining wetland health, primarily through the process of breaking down organic material and recycling nutrients. In wetlands, organic matter such as dead plants and animal remains accumulate over time. Microbes, including bacteria and fungi, are essential for decomposing this organic material, converting it into simpler compounds that can be utilized by plants. This decomposition process not only cleans the wetland ecosystem but also enhances nutrient availability, promoting plant growth and overall biodiversity.

By recycling nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, microbes help sustain the productivity of wetland environments. This cycle is vital for supporting various aquatic and terrestrial organisms within the wetland ecosystem, ensuring a balanced food web and healthy habitat for wildlife. Therefore, the beneficial role of microbes in nutrient cycling directly contributes to the overall health and functionality of wetland ecosystems.